Internal-combustion engine.



c. M. P. MONTBARBON & e. E. .GHE DRU. H. WAEL. ADMINISTRATOR OF C- M. P MONTBMIBONv DECD. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FlLiD IAN-8.19M. I 1,219,982. Patemed Mar. 20, 1917.

6 SHETS-SHEET l.

C. M. P. MONTBARBON & G. E. CHEDRU. H. mm. wmulsnuoa or c. a. P. nonunion. own.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. A'Pgucmon HLED mus. \au.

Patented Mar. 20, 1917.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

I -Zi'zuazzfr .5,

C. M. P. MONTBARBON 6r G. E. CHE DRU. u. WAEL. Aomulsmnon or c. n. P. MONTHQMIBON. own.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION mm mus. 1914.

Pa bnted Mar. 20, 1917.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

rfl'wjfav E & 26%

C. M. P; MONTBARBON & G E CHE DRU. a. vuzupn'umsnnon or c. I. P. IONTBARION. DEC'D.

' INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

n rrucmon mm mus. 1914.

1,219,982. I mm Mar. 20, 1917.

J 's SHEETS-SHEET 5.

c. M. P. MONTBARBONVIKL e. E. ,CHEDRU.

mun, ADMINISTRATOR or c. M. P. MONTBARBON, 0:0 0.

" INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

. APPLICATION FILED JAN-8,1914."

1,21 9,982. Patented Mar. 20, 1917.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES MAURICE PHILIPPE MONTBABIBON, 0F NElIILLY SUR-SEINE, AND GUSTAVE EMILE cRnnRu, or ALroRT, FRANCE; HENRI was: 1, or LEVALLOIS-PERBET, FRANCE, AnmImsTRAToR or sen) CHARLES mumrcn PHILIPPE uoNTBARRoN,

\ DECEASED.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Patented Mar. 20, 1917.

Application filed Ianuaryfi, 1914. Serial No. 8 1,030.

To all whom itmay concern:

Be it known that we, CHARLES MAURICE PHILIPPE MONTBARBON and GUSTAVE EMILE Cnmm, citizens of the French Republ c, re-

siding at Nenilly-sur-Seine, Seine, France,

and Alfort, Seine, France, respectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to two-stroke internal combustion engines, and relates more particularly to thoseengines having a sleeve or sleeve valves. I

This invention further relates to internal combustion en ines of the kind having a differential cyllnder, the larger portion of which forms together with another portion of the en ine, an annular chamber constituting the ody of the said pum which has a piston difi'erent from that of t e engine.

According to this invention the ,distribution of the engine is arranged so that the fresh gases drawn in by the pump are trans ferred direct from the latter into the engine "cylinder, without having been previously subjected to compression.

The inventionwill beunderstood from the following description, as well as from the accompanying drawings which are given merely by way of example.

Figures 124 of the said drawing show 'in longitudinal section, ata right angle to its crank, and in twenty four successive positions of its movable parts, correspondmg to as many angular movements of 15. each of the said crank, a two stroke internal combustion or explosion engine with charging pum designed according to this invention.

When .it is desired to construct a two stroke explosion engine with charging pump and a sleevearranged between the engine piston and the wall of its cylinder, of the kind comprising a differential cylinder, the

" larger portion of which 'forms simultaneously with the sleeve of the engine, an annular pump body which constitutes the body of the charging pump, and the sleeve of which is constituted by a cylindrical extension of the piston of the said pump, the proceeding is as follows: I

The engine'embodying the resent invention comprises the following e ements (1). a differential cylinder, the small portion a of which constitutes the cylinder of e, which conne ts the the engine and closed at the top by a head cover of the said body;

(2) an annul LI piston b which acts as a is extended by a cylindrical part b? which piston in the pc rtion a of the cylinder, and v forms a sleeve in the portion a of the said cylinder;

(3) an ordinary piston c which forms a piston in the cylindrical sequently in the portion a;

' (4) a crank shaft d and a connecting rod piston 0 to the crank shaft al y X (5) a port f provided in the sleeve 1; so that it uncovers at the desired moment an exhaust port 9 provided in the cylinder a.

In accordance with the invention in the Wall of the cylitider a is provided an inlet port h which is not uncovered by the piston b until the latter arrives close to its lower dead center, and the said port is connected by a conduit M to a suitable feeding arrangement, in tl is case, a carburetor; a port z' is also provided in the sleeveb referahly level with the upper face of thepiston b, so that as long as it is not covered by the piston c, it establishes direct communication between theinncr chamber of the charging.

pump and that of the engine-cylinder.

The driving of the piston b is arranged so that during t 1e whole time that the said plston makes its upstroke,'the port i remains uncovered by the piston 0 and so that it remains. closed by the said piston end of the up sttrokea long time before the portion Z2 and conloo piston c" has coinpleted its up stroke. To 1 that end is used such an arrangement for driving the sleeve b that the said sleeve re v .mains practically stationary for a certain time while it is inthe neighborhood of its,

esmore quickly than the piston u of the engine, its up andupper dead centu', and ma down strokes. This arrangement for driv ing is constitutedby a connecting rod pivoted at one endto the/piston b secured to the saidsleeve b f,,and at its other end to a pin d connectedto' an arm 1' which may either be actuated by an eccentric keyed to the driving shaft with an advance of approximately 90,relatively to'the crank d, or, and as shown invthe drawing, pivoted to the pin is of acrank fastened in the same manner to the driving shaft, and also piv oted to an arm Z made of such a, length and pivoted to the frame-at such a pointthat when the engine shaft rotates, the saidarm is forced to oscillate between two end positions between which it occupies, at a certain moment, an intermediate position in which it is in line with theconnecting rod e. Owin to this when the arm I swings from one 0 its end positions to theintermediate position, the piston 6 will move upwardly, when said arm l 'passes said intermediate position and moves toward its other end position, and returns from the latter-position to the same intermediate position, the piston 71 will oscillate in the neighborhood of its upper dead center, and finally, when it returns from the said intermediate position to its first end position the piston b will make its down stroke. v

An arrangement is provided for driving the piston b" of the chargin pump so that the latter has a smaller stro e than the engine piston, but, nevertheless, the speed of movement of the said piston 12 is such that, when the piston c of the engine makes its upstroke which it begins with a slight retardation relatively to that of the said piston 6 it covers the 'port z' of the sleeve 6 secured to the said piston 5 only when the latter has arrived at the end of its up stroke. For this reason the crank, the pin of which carries the arm 7' and the arm Z are calculated so that the piston 1)? makes its forward or return stroke while the engine shaft makes practically one-third of a revolution. The exhaust ports f and g are arranged so that the said ports are opposite each other only when the sleeve 6 arrives at its lower dead center, that is to say, when the piston 0 of the engine has already effected the greatest portion of its down stroke, and the exhaust is closed almost as soon as the sleeve has begun its up stroke, in order that during almost the whole time that the fresh gases are being transferred from the pump chamber into that of the cylinder, the exhaust remains closed, Owing to this it is possible, by giving the same stroke to the piston of the pump, but by increasing its diameter, to send into the cylinder the desired quantity of gas and consequently, without the risk of losinggases by exhaust, to over-charge the engine and thus to obtain an engine with an inconsiderable weight per horse power.

The arrangement of the inlet port it is such that it is uncovered by the pump piston alittle before the exhaust begins to open.

Owing to this, when the piston 0 has descended sufficiently to uncover the port i, the fresh gases passing into the chamber of the pump through the conduit 18, pass into the cylinder through the port 2' under the action of the depression produced by the exhaust.

There is provided in the cylinder an additional inlet port m connected by a conduit m to the inlet conduit M, and in the sleeve such a port n that it uncovers the said port mimmediately after the port f has begun to uncover theexhaust port g and before the piston has uncovered the port 21 of the sleeve. Owing to this the fresh gases'which, under the action'of suction in the pump, enter through the conduit h are partly forced back under the action of their momentum into the conduit m from whence they pass into the cylinder through the ports m and n, owing on the one hand to the said momentum, and on the other hand, to the suction produced in the said cylinder by the exhaust. v

The inner wall of the cover (L of the pump body, as well as of the upper face of the piston b are arranged sothat they have a's urface either of the form of a truncated cone (as in the example shown in the drawings) or ogival; This arrangement is really of great importance from the point of View of oblique direction given to the fresh gases when. they pass from the pump into the cylinder, which enables the fresh gases to be projected against the cover a, of the pump,

and ignition to be obtained in good conditions, in spite of the fact that the engine does not scavenge.

7 Owing to which there will be obtained, assuming that the movable arrangements are first considered at the moment when they are in the respective position in which they are shown in Fig. 1, that is to say, in

which the piston c is at its upper dead center, there is no coincidence between the ports f and 9 nor between the ports m and n,

closing of the porth by the piston b and absence of communication between the port 1' and the explosion chamber, and also a certain'quantlty of fresh gas is contained in the said chamber under pressure. An ex plosion of the quantity of gas and the foreing of the, piston a downward then takes place, at the be 'nning of which movement the explosion c amber remains completely closed, and the sleeve 6 6 after having arrived at its upper dead center (Fig. 19), has

slightly descended, slowly rises (Fig. 2),

in order to return to its upper dead center and tobe 'n to descend again (Fig. 3). A

descent o the piston c and of the sleeve b b then-takes place with expansion of the burnt gases in the explosion chamber which in the explosion chamber which remains completely closed, in spite of the piston 0 having uncovered the port n, since the latter is not opposite the port 1n and a quick descent of the sleeve 1) b which has passed beyond the middle of its downstroke and continues to produce a vacuum in the pump chamber (Fig. 7). The descent of the piston c then continues and also of the sleeve b b, the latter arriving almost atthe end pansion in the explosion chamber which still remains completely closed (Fig. 8). On continuation of the descent of the piston c and of the sleeve b b the latter moves near its lower dead center and uncovering of the exhaust port 9 by the port 7 of the sleeve takes place and immediately afterward uncovering of the additional'inlet port m by the port 11 of the sleeve. The burnt gases exhaust with a certain advance re.atively to the intake of explosive mixture, which pro duces a depression in the explosion chamber, and flow of the fresh gases into the said chamber through the conduit m and the .ports 77?. and n then occurs (Figs. 9 and 10). On continuation of the descent of the piston c and the arrival at the lower dead center of'the sleeve I)? b the exhaust opens to the full extent and also the'additional inlet, and the piston begins to uncover the port 1', whereupon the admission of fresh gases into the explosion chamber owing to the depression produced by the exhaust takes place both through the conduit m and the ports m and n. and through the pump and the" port 2 (Fig. 11). The piston '0 continues its descent andthe sleeve begins to rise whichcauses the complete uncovering of the port 5 and begins the closing of the additional inlet n and of the exhaust' g. The arrival of fresh gases into the cylinder continues under theaction of momentumand depression produced bythe exhaust (Fig. 12). The piston 0 arrives at its lower dead center and the rise of the sleeve continues ,and completely uncovers the port? (Fig. 13). The piston 0 begins to rise and so tained in the chamber of the pump takes place (Fig. 14%)} The rise of the piston c and of the sleeve b 5 still takes place and direct transfer of the fresh gases from the pump into the working chamber, without compression of any sort or intermediate conduitorcha mber (Figs. 15-18). The pis,

ton c then continues to rise and the sleeve arrives at its upper dead center; the piston 0 covers the port 2' and the compression of the fresh gases by the said piston 0 in the explosion chainber begins (Fig. 19). 011 continuation of the rise of the piston c and of the compression of fresh gases in the explosion. chamber, there is a descent to a small extent of the piston sleeve b which does not produce any effect (Figs. 20%23).

()n the-arri 'al of the piston c at the end of the stroke, the end of compression and rising of'the piston sleeve 0 6 takes place (Fig. 24), and then, the engine being again in the initial state, the operation begins again as befor a.

It is obviou; that the invention is by no means limited to the precise construction of carrying it out which has been herein shown and described. but con'iprises 'on the contrary any modification within the scope of the claims.

What we claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A two-stoke internal combustion engine comprisii'g a. cylinder having portions of different SlLGS, the smaller portion forming a combusi ion chamber and the larger portion formi 1g an annular pump chamber. pistons operative in the combustion and .pump chambers, means of communication being provided between the pum] chamber 1l1(l',00111b11Sbl0i1' chamber, and means for opalso having a pump piston'working therein.

means of communication being provided between the pump and engine cylinders. and the engine cylinder having means for exhausting gases therefron'i. a sleeve movable with the pump piston and having ports controlling the'means of communication between said punp cylinder and engine cylindeihand the exhaust of the engine cylinder, a crank shaft operatively' connected to the engine piston, and. means driven by said shaft for recip '-ocatingthe pump piston and sleeve with a less stroke than the engine piston and prmlucing the forward and return strokes of said pump piston and sleeve during approximately. two-thirds of a revolution of the (rank shaft. and maintaining said pump piston and sleeve substantially stationary at one end of their stroke while the shaft completes the remainder of its r volutio 3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of an engine cylinder having a pistonworking therein, a pump cylinder also having a pump piston working therein, means of communication being provided between the pump and engine cylinders, and the engine cylinder having means for ex hausting gases therefrom, a sleeve movable with the pump piston and having ports controlling the means of.eommunication between. said pump cylinder and engine cylinder and the exhaust of the engine cylinder, a crank shaft operatively connected to the engine piston, and means driven by said shaft for reciprocating the pump piston and sleeve with a less stroke than the engine piston and causing said pump piston and sleeve to commence their return stroke slightly in advance of the. return stroke of the engine piston to close the exhaust. means when the engine piston con'nnenees its return stroke, and (Completing the return stroke of the pump piston and sleeve when the engine piston is :qiproximately midway of its return stroke.

4, In an internal cannhustion engine, the emnhination of an engine evlil'uler having-a piston working therein, apump cylinder also having a pump piston working therein, means of communication heing provided he tween the pump and engine cvlinders, and the engine cylinder having means for tax-- hausting gz'ises therefrom, a sleeve movahle with the pump piston and ha ving ports eontri'illing thev means of coinmui'iieation hetween said pump cylinder and engine eylinder and the exhaust of the engine cylinder, a. crank shatt operativelv connected to the engine piston. and lneans driven by said shaft for recipro \ting the pump piston and sleeve. with a less stroke than the engine piston amlcausing said pump piston and sleeve to'cominencc their return stroke slightly in ad'vanceof the return stroke of the engine a'iiston to close theexliaust means when the engine pistt in' conuneru'tes its return stroke,

and completing the ,return stroke of thepump piston and sleeve when the engine piston is approxinia midway of its re rurn stroke, said ,driving means coi'nprising a 'rodpivoted at 'oue end to said pump piston, a crank .or eccentric on said shaft conneeted to the opposite end oi said rod, and an arm connected at one end to the-latter end of said rod and at its opposite end to a stationary pivot-Q v a .1. In. an internal comlinistion engine, the eonil iinatirm'of an engine cylinder having'a piston working therein, a pump cylinder also having a pump piston wvorking therein, means of comn'ul'nieation beingprovid'ed hetvseenthe pump and engine cylinders, and

the engine cylinder having means for exhausting gases therefrom, a sleeve movable with the pump piston and having ports c0ntrolling the means of communication between said pump cylinder and engine cylinder and the exhaust of the engine 6 linder, a crank shaft operatively connecte to the engine piston, and means driven by said shaft forireciprocatin the pump piston and sleeve with a less stro to than the engine piston and causing said pump piston and sleeve to commence their return stroke slightly in advance of the return stroke of the engine piston to close the exhaust means when the engine piston commences its return stroke, and completing the return stroke of the pump piston and sleeve when the engine piston is approximately midway of its return stroke, a toggle connected at one end to the pump piston and atits opposite end to a stationary pivot, and means recipro cahle hy the crank shaft and connected to the intermediate portion of the toggle.

(l. A t\v .--stroke internal colnhustion engine con'iprising an engine cylinder having an engine piston reeiproealjile therein and an exhaust port, a pump'cyliiuler, a pump piston reeipromhle therein and having a sleeve movable therewith and controlling said exhaust port, and means for reciprocating'said pump piston and sleevewvherehy said pump piston will make its return strokeduringthe return stroke of the engine piston and said sleeve will close said exhaustport upon the commencement of the return stroke of the engine piston, said sleeve having a port to eonduet explosive mixture from the pump cylinder directly into the engine eylinder during the whole oi the return stroke of the pump piston.

T. A twostroke internal combustion engine emnprising an engine cylinder having an engine piston reciprocahle therein and an exhaust port, a pump cylinder, a pump piston reciproeahle therein and having a sleeve movable therewith and controlling said exhaust port, and means for reciprocating said pump piston and sleeve whereby said pump piston will make its return stroke during the return stroke'of the engine piston andsaid sleeve will close said exhaust port upon the .1" or admitting explosive mixture into the en gine. cylinder independently of the pump cylinder and prior to the closingv of the exhaust port.

8. In an internal combustion en me, the combination of an engine cylinder iaving apiston working therein. arelatively larger pump cylinder connected to receive explosive annularc tion of the working cylinder and forming pump piston reciprocable in 'sai chamber, a port belng formed in the wall of a the working cylinder to provide communicafresh for reciprocating thepump piston relatively mixture and transfer the same to theengine cylinder, and a ulnp piston workingjin' the.

pump cylinder, t e'pump c linder being connected to' the engine. cy inder: by a port formed in the pump substantially of a truncated cone; and the top of the pum piston havin a form corresponding to t at of said we 1 and operative to direct the explosive mixture from,

the pump cylinder toward and through said port. I y a t t n 9. An internal combustion en e of the t pe described comprisinga wor 'ng cyliu' er havinlgja iston to reciprocate therein, an

r surroun ng the lower Potwith the latter an annular pump c linder, a

tion betweenthe working cylinder and the annular pump cylinder at a point immediatel adjacent to the head of the pump cylinder, and a port being rovided to admit to, the pump cy inder, and means to the working piston to cause the pump piston to uncover'the fresh gas admlssion port while theintercommunicating port between the pnrnp cylinder and the working piston andcontrolledby the movement of sa d pump iston, a wall leading to said port and having the form nnular" cylinderis uncc vered by the whereby fresh -;;as passes across thetop 01 v i the pump piston directly from the fresh gas admission port through the pump cylinder;

pression in the pump cylinden, "'19. An internal combustion en and into the wc rking 'ylinder free ofcpm? 'ne of the; a t pe described com rising a wor ing cylin stand a pum; cy mder, pistons reciprocable in said cylinders, a port being formed in the wall of the working cylinder to provide communilc'ation betweefn tlfie latter and the pump cy inder anda res gas supp1y port being provided for the pump cylinder, and -means fororeciprocating the pump piston 3 relatively to the working piston to cause-the pum'p iston to uncover the fresh gas supply portw ile the port for the working cylinder 11s open andto cause the pump iston to arriveat the end of itsin-stroke slightly before the working pis t'on, in making its in-stroke, covers the inte rmediate 'p'ort between the Y 

